INFINITIVE
4-11
Adjectives Followed By Infinitives
(a) We
were sorry
to hear the bad news.
(b) I
was surprised
to see Tim at the meeting.
Certain adjectives can be immediately followed by
infinitives, as in (a) and (b). In general, these adjectives describe a person
(or persons), not a thing. Many of these adjectives describe a person’s
feelings or attitudes.
Some
Common Adjectives Followed By Infinitives
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Glad to
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Sorry to*
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Ready to
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Careful to
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Surprised to*
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Happy to
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Sad to*
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Prepared to
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Hesitant to
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Amazed to*
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Pleased to
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Upset to *
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Anxious to
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Reluctant to
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Astonished to*
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Delighted to
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Disappointed to*
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Eager to
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Afraid to
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Shocked to*
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Content to
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Proud to
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Willing to
|
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Sturned to*
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Relieved to
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Ashamed to
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Motivated to
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|
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Lucky to
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Determined to
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|
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Fortunate to
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|
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*The
expressions with asteriks are usually followed by infinitive phrases with verbs
such as see, learn, discover, find out, hear.
4-12 Using Infinitives with Too and
Enough
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(a)
That box is too heavy for Bob to lift.
COMPARE:
(b)
That box is very heavy, but Bob can lift it.
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In the speaker’s mind, the use of too
implies a negative result.
In (a): too heavy = It is
impossible for Bob to lift that box.
In (b): very heavy = It is
possible but difficult for Bob to lift that box.
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(c)
I am strong enough to lift that box. I
can lift it.
(d)
I have enough strength to lift that box.
(e)
I have strength enough to lift that box.
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Enough
follows an adjective, as in (c).
Enough may precede a noun, as in (d), or
follow a noun, as in (e).
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4-13 Passive and Past Forms of
Infinitives and Gerunds
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PASSIVE INFINITIVE: to
be + past participle
(a)
I didn’t expect to be invited to his
party.
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In (a) : to be invited is passive. The understood “by phrase” is “by him”: I didn’t expect to be
invited by him.
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PASSIVE GERUND : being+ past participle
(b)
I appreciated being invited to your home.
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In (b) : being invited is passive. The understood “by phrase” is “by you”: I appreciated being invited by you.
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PAST INFINITIVE : too have + past
participle
(c)
The rain seems to have stopped.
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The event expressed by a past
infinitive or past gerund happened before the time of the main verb. In (c) :
The rain seems now to have stopped a
few minutes ago*
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PAST GERUND : having + past
participle
(d)
I appreciate having had the opportunity to meet
the king.
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In (d) : I meet the king yesterday. I appreciate now having had the opprtunity
to meet the king yesterday*
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PAST-PASSIVE INFINITIVE : to
have been + past participle
(e)
Jane is fortunate to have been given a
scholarship.
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In (e) : Jane was given scholarship
last month by her government. She is fortunate. Jane is fortunate now to have been given a scholarship last month by her
government.
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PAST-PASSIVE GERUND : having
been + past participle
(f)
I appreciate having been told the news.
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In (f) : I was told the news yesterday
by someone. I appreciate that. I
appreciate now having been told the news yesterday by someone.
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*If
the main verb is past, the action of the past infinitive or gerund happened
before a time in the past:
The rain seemed to have stopped = The rain seemed at
six P.M to have stopped before six P.M
I appreciated having had the opportunity to meet the king
= I meet the king in 1985. I appreciated in 1987 having had the opportunity the
king in 1985.
4-14 using Gerunds or Passive
Infinitives Following Need
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(a)
I need to borrow some money.
(b)
John needs to be told the truth.
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Usually an infinitive follows need,
as in (a) and (b).
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(c)
The house needs painting.
(d)
The house needs to be painted.
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In certain situations, a gerund may
follow need. In this case, the gerund carries a passive meaning.
Usually the situations involve fixing or improving something. (c) and (d)
have the same meaning.
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4-15 Using Possesive to Modify a
Gerund
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We came to class late. Mr. Lee
complained about that fact.
(a)
FORMAL : Mr. Lee complained about our coming to
class late.*
(b)
INFORMAL : Mr. Lee complained about us coming to
class late.
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In formal English, a possesive pronoun
(e.g., our) is used to modify a gerund, as in (a).
In informal English, the object form
(e.g., us) is frequently used, as in (b).
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(c)
FORMAL : Mr. Lee complained about Mary’s
coming to class late.
(d)
INFORMAL : Mr. Lee complained about Mary
coming to class late.
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In very formal English, a possesive
noun (e.g.,Mary’s) is used to modify a gerund.
The possesive form is often not used
in informal English, as in (d).
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*”Coming
to class late” occured before “Mr. Lee complained,” so a past gerund is also
possible: Mr. Lee complained aboutv our having come to class late.
4-16 Using Verbs of Perception
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(a)
I saw my friend run down the street.
(b)
I saw my friend running down the street.
(c)
I heard the rain fall on the roof.
(d)
I heard the rain falling on the roof.
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Certain verbs of preception are
followed by either the simple form* or
the –ing form** of a verb. There
is usually little difference in meaning between the two forms except that the
–ing form usually gives the idea
of “while”. In (b) : I saw my friend while she was running down the street.
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(e)
I heard a famous
opera star sing at the concert
last night.
(f)
When I walked into the apartment, I heard my roommate singing in the shower.
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Sometimes (not always) there is a
clear difference between using the simple form or the –ing form. In (e) : I herad the singing from beginning to end.
(f): The singing was in progress when
I heard it.
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VERBS OF
PERCEPTION FOLLOWED BY THE SIMPLE FORM OR THE –ING FORM
See
hear
feel smell
Notice listen
to
watch
look at
observe
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*The simple form
of a verb = the infinitive form wiyhout “to”. INCORRECT: I saw my friend to run down the street.
**The
–ing form refers to the present participle.
4-17 Using The Simple Form After
Let and Help
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(a)
My father let
me drive his car.
(b)
I let my friend borrow my bicycle.
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Let is always
followed by the simple form of a verb, not an infinitive.
(INCORRECT:My
father let me to drive his car.)
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(c)
My brother helped
me wash my car.
(d)
My brother helped
me to wash my car.
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Help is often
followed by the simple form of a verb, as in (c). An infinitive is also
possible, as in (d). Both (c) and (d) are correct.
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4-18 Using causative Verbs: Make,
Have, Get
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(a)
I made my brother carry my suitcase.
(b)
I had my brother carry my suitcase.
(c)
I got my brother to carry my suitcase.
FORM :
X makes Y do something.
X has Y do something.
X gets Y to do something.
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Make, have, and get can be used to
express the idea that “X” causes “Y” to do something. When they are used as
causative verbs, their meanings are simmiliar but not identical. In (a): my
brother had no choice. I insisted that he carry my suitcase. In (b): my brother
carried my suitcase simply because i asked him to. In (c) : i imanaged to
persuade my brother to carry my suitcase .
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(d)
Mrs. Lee made
her son clean his room.
(e)
Sad movies make
me cry.
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Causative make is followed by the
simple form of verb, not an infinitive. (INCORRECT: she made him to clean his
room.) Make gives the idea that “X” requests “Y” to do something. In
(d): mrs. Lee’s son had no choice.
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(f)
I had the plumber repair the leak.
(g)
Jane had
the waiter bring her some tea.
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Causative have is followed by the
simple form of a verb, not an infinitive.(INCORRECT: i had him to repair the
leak.) Have gives the idea that “X” requests “Y” to do something. In
(f): the plumber repaired the leak because i asked him to.
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(h)
The students got
the teacher to dismiss class
early.
(i)
Jack got his friends to play soccer with him after school.
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Causative get is followed by an
infinitive. Get gives the idea that “X” persuades “Y” to do something. In
(h): the students manage to persuade the teacher to let them leave early.
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(j)
I had my watch repaired (by someone).
(k)
I got my watch repaired (by someone)
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The past participle is used after have
and get to give a passive meaning. In this case, there is usually
little or no difference in meaning between have and get.
In (j) and (k): I caused my watch yo be repaired by someone.
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4-19 special expressions followed
by the –ing form of a verb
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(a)
 We had fun
We
had a good time playing volleyball
(b)
 I had trouble
I had
difficulty finding his house
I had a hard
time
I had a
difficult time
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have fun + -ing
have a good time + -ing
have trouble + -ing
have difficulty + -ing
have a hard time + -ing
have a difficult time + -ing
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(c)
Sam spends most of his time studying.
(d)
I waste a lot of time
watching
TV.
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spend + expression
of time or money + -ing
waste + expression
of time or money + -ing
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(e)
She sat at her desk writing
a letter.
(f)
I stood there wondering
what to do next.
(g)
He is lying in bed reading
a novel.
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sit + expression of place + -ing
stand + expression
of place + -ing
lie + expression
of place + -ing
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(h)
When I walked into my office, I found George using
my telephone.
(i)
When I walked into my office, I caught a thief looking through my desk drawers.
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Find + (pro)noun+-ing
Catch + (pro)noun+-ing
In (h) and (i): both find
and catch mean discover. Catch expresses anger or displeasure.
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EXERCISE
EXERCISE
24: Complete the sentences with invinitives!
1.
I was glad to get a letter
from you.
2.
I was relieved to find out that I
had passed the exam.
3.
Sue is lucky to get alive after
the accident.
4.
The soldiers were prepared to
fire.
5.
The children are anxious to
see clown to the circus.
6.
Dick didn’t feel like going anywhere. He
was content to stay home and read a book.
7.
The teacher is always willing to
teachus.
8.
The students are motivated to
study english.
9.
Be careful not to walk on the icy
sidewalks!
10. Tom
was hesitant to leave home alone.
11. Sally
is afraid to stay home alone.
12. Ann
is proud to be the top student in her class.
13. I
was surprised to see Mr. Yamamoto at the meeting.
14. We
were sorry to hear the bad news.
EXERCISE
25-ORAL (BOOKS CLOSED): Answer “yes” to the question. Use an infinitive phrase
in your response.
Example: You saw your friend at the airport.
Were you happy?
Respone: Yes, I was happy to see my friend at
the airport.
1.
She has a lot of good friends. Is she
fortunate?
Yes, she has fortunate to good
friends.
2.
You are leaving on vacation next week,
are you eager?
Yes,
I’m eager to leave on vacation next week.
3.
You met Sinta’s husband. Were you
deligted?
Yes, I was deligted to meet Sinta’s
husband.
4.
You went to Bali last summer. You saw
beach there. Where you surprised?
Yes, I was surprised to see beach
there.
5.
Are you going to take a test tomorrow.
Are you prepared?
Yes, I have prepared to go to take
a test tomorrow.
6.
You are thinking about asking him a
personal question. Are you hesistant?
Yes, I’m hesistant to think about
asking him a personal question.
7.
Your friend was ill. Finally you found
out that she was okay were you relieved?
No, I was not relivied to find out
that she is okay.
8.
You heard about Dita’s accident. Were
you sorry?
Yes, i was sorry to hear about
Dita’s accident.
Answer
the following questions incomplete sentences.
9.
What are you careful to do beforeyou
cross a bussy street?
I will stop for a momment, look at
right side and left side.
10.
What are children sometimes afraid to
do?
Ussually children afraid when they at
home alone.
11.
When you are tired in the evening, what
are you content to do?
I will take a rest, listen the music and
go to sleep.
12.
If one of your friends has a problem,
what are you willing to do?
I will help if i can and give support.
13.
Sometimes when people don’t know English
very well, what are they reluctant to do?
They must study hard.
14.
If I announce there is a test tomorrow,
what will you be motivated to do tonight?
I will be motivated to study hard.
15.
What are you determinedto do before you
are 60 years old?
I determine to do exercise everyday.
16.
What are you some things peopleshould be
ashamed to do?
People are ashamed to do the crime.
17.
Can you tell me something you were
shocked to find out? /Astonished to learn?
I was shocked to find out the accident.
18.
Can you tell me something you were
disappointed to discover? /sad to hear?
I was disappointed to see my test which
failed.
EXERCISE
26: Think of the negative result, and then complete the sentence with an
infinitifve phrase.
1.
That ring is too
expensive.--> Negative result: I can’t buy it. That ring is too expensive
for me to buy.
2.
I’m too tired. -->
Negative result: I can’t/don’t want to go to the meeting. I’m too tired to go to the
meeting.
3.
It’s too late. --> Negative
result: I can’t give surprised to her birthday. It is too late to give
surprised to her birthday.
4.
It’s too cold. -->
Negative result: I don’t want to go to
the river. It is too cold to go to the river.
5.
Nuclear physics is too
difficult.--> Negative result: I
can’t do it. Nuclear physics is too difficult for me to do it.
6.
I’m too busy. -->
Negative result: I can’t go to the party tonight.
I’m too busy to go to the party tonight.
7.
My soon is too young.
--> Negative result: he
does not have girlfriend. My soon is too young to have girlfriend.
8.
The mountain cliff is
too steep. --> Negative result: I
can’t climb it. The mountain cliff is too steep for me to climb.
Now think of a positive result. And
complete the sentence with an infinitive phrase.
9.
That ring is very
expensive, but it isn’t too expensive. --> Positive result: I can buy it. That ring isn’t too expensive
for me to buy.
10.
I’m very tired, but i’m
not too tired. --> Positive result: I can go to the meeting. I’m not too tired to go to the meeting.
11.
My suitcase is very
heavy, but it’s not too heavy. --> Positive result: I can bring it. My suitcase is
not too heavy for me to bring.
12.
I’m very busy, but i’m
not too busy. --> Positive result: I can go to the party tonight. I’m not too
busy to go to the party tonight.
EXERCISE
27-ORAL ( BOOKS CLOSED): Answer the question.
1.
What is a child too
young to do but an adult old enough to do? Riding motorcycle.
2.
(....)’s daughter is 18
months old. Is he too young or very young?
Budi’s daughter is 18 months
old. Yes, she is too young to ride bicycle.
3.
Who had a good dinner
last night? Was it too good or very good?Ayu had a good dinner last night. Yes, it
was very good dinner for her.
4.
Is it very difficult or
too difficult to learn english?No, it is not very difficult to learn
english.
5.
After you wash your
clothes, are they too clean or very clean?Yes, they are too clean.
6.
Who stayed up late last
night? Did you stay up too late or very late?John stayed up late last night.
No, I did not stay up too late last night.
7.
What is my pocket big enough to hold?
What is it too small to hold?Book is big enough to hold in my pocket. Pen
is too small to hold.
8.
Compare a mouse with an elephant. Is a
mouse too small or very small?Yes, a mouse is too small.
9.
What is the highest
mountain in (this country/the world)? Is it too high or very high? Himalaya
is the highest mountain in indonesia. Yes, it is too high.
10.
What did you have
enough time/time enough to do before class today? I have enough time to sleep
before class today.
EXERCISE
28 : Supply an appropriate form for each verb in parentheses.
1.
I don’t enjoy (laugh) being
laughed at by other people.
2.
I’m angry at him for (tell, not) not
telling/ not having told* me
the truth.
3.
It is easy (fool) to be fooled by his lies.
4.
Jack had a narrow escape. He was almost
hit by a car. He barely avoided (hit) to be hit by the speeding automobile.
5.
Sharon wants us to tell her the news as
soon as we hear anything. If we find out anything about the problem, she wants
(tell) to tell us about it
immediately.
6.
Yesterday Anna wrote a check for fifty
dollars, but when she wrote it she knew she didn’t have enough money in the bank
to cover it. Today she is very worried about (write) writing that check. She
has to find a way to put some money in her account right away.
7.
A : What’s the difference between “burn
up” and “burn down”?
B
: Hmmm. That’s an interesting question. I don’t recall ever (ask) to be
asked that question before.
8.
Living in a foreign country has been a
good experience for me. I am glad that my company sent me to another country to
study. I am very pleased (give) to be
given the opportunityto learn about another culture.
9.
You must tell me the truth. I insist on
(tell) telling you the truth.
10.
Don’t all of us want (love) to be
loved and (need) needed
by other people?
11.
I enjoy (watch) to watch television in the evenings.
12.
Dear Jim: I feel guilty about (write,
not) not
to write to you sooner, but
I’ve swamped with work lately.
*the past gerund is
used to emphasize that the action of the gerund took place before that of the
main verb. However, often there is little difference in meaning between a
simple gerund and a past gerund.
EXERCISE
29: supply an appropriate form for each verb in parenthese.
1.
Martha doesn’t like to
have her picture taken. She avoids (photograph) to take photograph of her
2.
Tim was in the army
during the war. He was caught by the enemy but he managed to escape. He is
lucky (escape) to escapewith his life.
3.
A: it’s been nice
talking to you. I really have enjoyed our conversation, but I have to leave
now. I’m very happy (have) having this opportunity to
meet you and talk with you. Let’s try to get together again soon.
B: I’d
like that.
4.
A: Is Ted a transfer
student?
B: yes.
A: where
did he go to school before he come here?
B: i’m
not sure, but i think he mentioned something about (go) going to UCLA or
USC.
5.
A: you know Jim
Frankenstein, don’t you?
B:Jim
Frankenstein? I don’t think so. I don’t recall ever (meet) to meet him.
6.
A: this letter needs
(send) to be sent immediatelly. Will you take care of it?
B: right
away.
7.
Sally is very quick.
You have to tell her how to do something only once. She doesn’t need (tell) to
be told twice.
8.
A: i thought sam was
sick
B: so
did i. But he seems (recover) to recover very quickly. He certainly doesn’t seem (be) to
besick now.
9.
Last year i studied
abroad. I appreciate (have) having hadthe opportunity to
live and study in a foreign country.
10. This
year i’m studying abroad. I appreciate (have) having had this opportunity to live and study in a
foreign country.
11. Ms.
Walters complained about (tell,not) not to tellabout the meeting.
In the future, she expects (inform) to be informedof any and all
meetings.
Exercise 30: Supply an appropriate form for the verbs in parentheses.
1.
The
cair is broken. I need (fix) to fix it. The cair
needs (fix) to be fixed
2.
What
a mess! This room needs (clean) to be cleaned up. We need
(clean) to clean it up before the company arrives.
3.
The
baby’s diaper needs (change) to be changed It’s wet.
4.
My
shirt is wrinkled. It needs (iron) to be iron.
5.
There
is a hole in our roof. The roof needs (repair) to be repaired.
6.
I
have books and papers all over my desk. I need (take) to take
some time to straighten up my desk. It needs (straighten) to be
straightened
7.
The
apples on the tree are ripe. They need (pick) to be picked
8.
The
dog needs (wash) to be washed. he’s been digging in the
mud.
Exercise 31: Combine the following . change “that
for” to a gerund phrase. Use formal English. Dis cuss informal usage.
1.
Mary
won a scholarship. We are excited about that fact. ->we are
excited about Mary’s winning a scholarship.
2.
He
didn’t want to go. I couldn’t understand that fact. -> I couldn’t understand his not wanting to go.
3.
You
look the time to help us. We greatly appreciate that fact.-> we
greatly appreciate you took the time to help us.
4.
We
talked about you behind his back. The
boy resented that fact. -> the boy resented us talking
about him behind his back.
5.
They
ran away to get married. That fact shocked everyone. -> shocked
everyone them ran away to getting married.
6.
You
don’t want to do it. I don’t understand that fact. -> I don’t understand
you not wanting to do it.
7.
Ann
borrowed Sally’s clothes without asking her first. Sally complained about that
fact. -> sally complained about Ann borrowing Sally’s clothes without
asking her first.
8.
Helen
is here to answer our question about the company’s new insurance the plan. We
should take advantage of that fact. -> we should take advantage of Helen
is here answering our questions about the company’s new insurance plan.
Exercise 32: supply an appropriate form for each verb
in parentheses.
1.
Alice
did’n expect (ask) asking To Bill’s party.
2.
I’m
not accustomed (drink) to drink Coffee with my meals.
3.
I’ll
help you with your homeworks as soon as I finish (wash) washing the dishes.
4.
She
took a deep breath (relax) relaxing herself before she got
up to give her speech.
5.
I’m
prepared (answer) answering any question that might be asked during my
job interview tomorrow.
6.
Matthew
left without (tell) telling anyone.
7.
It’s
useless. Give up. Enough’s enough. Don’t keep (beat) to beat Your
head against a brick wall.
8.
His
(be, not) his absent not to be able to come is disappointing.
9.
I
hope (award) to be awarded a
scholarship for the coming semester.
10.
We
are very pleased (accept) to accept your invitation.
11.
I
have considered (get) to get A part-time job (help) helping
pay for my school expenses.
12.
It
is exciting (travel) to travel to faraway places and (leave) leaving one’s daily routine behind.
13.
(help)
helping the disadvantaged
children learn how to read was a rewarding experience.
14.
He
wants (like) to be liked and (trust) trusted by everyone.
15.
I
can’t help (wonder) to wonder why Larry did such a foolish thing.
16.
Mr.
carson is very lucky (choose) to be choosen by the
committee as their respresentative to the meeting in Paris.
17.
(live)
living In a city has certain advantages.
18.
Keep
on (do) doing whatever you were doing. I didn’t mean (interrupt) to
interrupt you.
19.
It
is very kind to you (take) to take
care of that problem for me.
20.
She
opened the window (let) to let in some fresh air.
21.
They
agreed (cooperate) to cooperate with us to the fullest extent.
22.
Did
you remember (turn) torning in your assignment ?
23.
I
don’t remember ever (hear) to hear that story before.
24.
Does
your son regret (leave) to leave home and go to a foreign
country (study) to study?
25.
I
appreciate your (ask) asking my opinionon the matter.
26.
You
should stop (drive) driving if you get sleepy. It’s dangerous
(drive) to drive when you are not alert.
27.
After
driving for three hours, we stoped (get)
getting something to eat.
28.
Please
forgive me for (be, not) not to be
here to help you yesterday.
EXERCISE
33: complete the sentennces with the words in the list. Use both possible forms.
Chase come knock
land, look at ring shake sing
take off
1.
When i was donwntown yesterday, i saw
the police chase/chasing thief.
2.
There was an earthquake in my hometown
last year. It was just a small one, but i could feel the ground land/landing
3.
Polly was working in her garden, so he
didn’t hear the phone ring/ringing.
4.
I like to listen to the birds sing/singing when i get up early in the morning.
5.
The guard observed a suspicious-looking
person shake/shaking into the bank.
6.
I was almost asleep last night when i
suddenly heard someone knock/knocking
on the door.
7.
Did you notice max look at/looking atanother
student’s paper during the exam?
8.
While i was waiting for my plane, i watched other planes come/coming and take
of/taking of.
In
the following, choose the more
appropriate form (either simple or-ing) of the verbs in pharentheses.
9.
Last wekend i went to my daughther’s
soccer game. I enjoyed watching the children play soccer. (play)
10.
When i walked past the park, i saw some
children playing baseball.(play)
11.
Do you see mary walk up the
street? Isn’t that her, the woman in the red dress? (walk)
12.
I remember it distinctly. At 5:30
yesterday afternoon. I saw jim getting in to his car, opening
the door, and walking. ( walk, open, get in)
13.
When i glanced out the window, i saw
jack walking
toward mw house. (walk)
14.
Do you hear someone call for help in
the distance? I do. (call)
15.
When i heard the principal of the school
calling my name at the graduation ceremony, i walked to the front
of the audiotorium to receive my diploma. (call)
16.
Last night while i was trying to fall
asleep, i could hear the people in the
next apartment singing and laughing. (Sing, laugh)
17.
Do you smell something burn
? (burn)
Exercise
34: Complete the sentences with verb phrases.
1.
Don’t let me forget to take my keys to the
house with me.
2.
The teacher usualy let us to
study itself in the class.
3.
Why did you let your roommate to go
home alone?
4.
You shouldn’t let other people to
take your money in your case.
5.
A stranger helped the lost child to
find their family.
6.
It was very kind of my friend to help me
cooked for dinner.
7.
Keep working. Don’t let me angry
to you.
8.
Could you help me to do this homework?
Exercise 35: Complete
the sentences with the words in parentheses.
1.
The doctor made the patient stay
in bed.
2.
Mrs. Crane had her house painted.
3.
The teacher had the class written
a 2000-word research paper.
4.
I made my son wash the windows
before he could go outside to play.
5.
Don got some kids in the meighborhood clean
out his garage.
6.
I went to the bank to have a check cash.
7.
Tom had a bad headache yesterday, so he
got his twin brother Tim gone to class for him. The
teacher didn’t know the difference.
8.
When scott went shopping, he found a
jacket that he really liked. After he had the sleeves shortened, it fit
him perfectly.
9.
My boss made me redo my report
because he wasn’t satisfied with it.
10.
Alice stopped at the service station to
have the tank fill.
11.
I got marry lend me some money
so I could go to a movie last night.
12.
Mr. Fields went to a doctor to have the
wart on his nose remove.
13.
Peeling onions always makes me cry.
14.
Tom sawyer was supposede to paint the
fence, but he didn’t want to do it. He was a very clever boy. Somehow he got
his friend do it for him.
15.
We had a proffesional photographer taken
pictures of everyone who participated in our wedding.
16.
I spilled some tomato sauce on my suit
coat. Now I need to get my suit clean.
Exercise 36: Complete
the sentences with verb phrases.
1.
I got my friend to translate a letter for me.
2.
Sometimes parents make their children to
be independent.
3.
When i’m at a restaurant,
i sometime have the waiter to bring some tissue for my son.
4.
Many people take their cars to service
stations to get the oil to refresh their cars machine.
5.
Teachers sometime have their student to
write summary.
6.
I’m more than willing to help you to
solve the problems.
7.
Before i left on my trip, I had the
travel agent to carry me to grandma’s house.
8.
My cousin’s jokes always make me to
smile everytime.
9.
When i was a child, my
parents wouldn’t let me to play in the garden.
10.
We finnaly got our landlady to
take a rest tonight.
Exercise 37: Complete
the following.
1.
We had a lot of fun playing games at
the picnic
2.
I have trouble hearing Mrs.
Maxwell when she speaks. She talks too fast.
3.
I spent five hours doing my homework
last night.
4.
Martha is standing at the corner waiting
for the bus.
5.
Michael is sitting in the class writing
notes.
6.
Ms. Anderson is a commuter. Every work
day, she spent almost two hours taking rest to and from work.
7.
It was a beautiful spring day. Dorothy
was lying under a tree listening to the birds sing.
8.
We wasted our money watching to that
movie. It was very boring.
9.
Joe spent all day working ready to
leave on vacation.
10.
Ted is an indecisive person. He has a
hard time increase up his
mind about anything.
11.
I wondered what the children were doing
while i was gone. When i got home, i found them watching TV.
12.
When Mr. Brown walked into the kitchen,
he caught the children taking some candy even though
he’d told them not to spoil their dinners.
13.
A:My friend is going to Germany next
minth, but he doesn’t speak German. What do you suppose he will have difficulty
speaking?
B: Well, he might have trouble to
speak German.
14.
A:
Did you enjoy your trip to New York city?
B: Very much. We had a good time travelling.
15.
A:
This is your first semester at
this school. Have you had any problems?
B: Not really, but sometimes i have a hard time studying.
16.
A:
what did you do yesterday?
B: I spent almost all day working.
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